British people or Britons, also known colloquially as Brits, are the citizens of the United Kingdom, the British Overseas Territories, and the Crown dependencies. A., Walter and Arthur Davidson) and William S. Harley of English descent. WebThe British rule in India came to an end in 1947, when India became an independent country. Some dialects of British English use negative concords, also known as double negatives. The invaders lived along the northern coast of Europe. A study published in 1909 titled A Century of Population Growth by the Census Bureau estimated the British origin combined were around 90% of the white population. Internationally, they are regarded as "territories for which the United Kingdom is responsible". ", "Ethnicity and National Identity in England and Wales", Ireland: The Reformation Period & Ireland under Elizabeth I, "British History in Depth Wales under the Tudors", "Scotland and the Commonwealth: 16511660", "Tudor Period and the Birth of a Regular Navy", "100 years of radio since Marconi's big breakthrough", "History of the BBC: The origins of BBC Local Radio", "The Anglo-Irish Treaty, 6December 1921", "Britain's War Machine: Weapons, Resources and Experts in the Second World War", "The "Special Relationship" between Great Britain and the United States Began with FDR", "Remarks by the President Obama and Prime Minister Cameron in Joint Press Conference", "Britain to make its final payment on World War II loan from U.S.", "Britain's War Machine by David Edgerton review", "The cultural superpower: British cultural projection abroad", "Cameron has chance to make UK great again", "The story behind the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine success", "The inside story of how Tony Blair led Britain to war in Iraq", "United Kingdom country profile (2013 version)", "Scottish independence referendum Results BBC News", "In stunning decision, Britain votes to leave the E.U. The United Kingdom hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1908, 1948 and 2012, with London acting as the host city on all three occasions. [431] The annual British Academy Film Awards are hosted by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts. [321] In 2011[update], 87.2 per cent of the UK population identified themselves as white, meaning 12.8 per cent of the UK population identify themselves as of one of an ethnic minority group. Although the United Kingdom has traditionally been seen as a unitary state, an alternative description of the UK as a "union state", put forward by, among others, Some of the devolved countries, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories issue their own sterling banknotes or currencies, or use another nation's currency. There is no authorised version of the national anthem as the words are a matter of tradition; only the first verse is usually sung. The prime minister is the head of government in the UK. However, the ct intro [93] The rise of Irish nationalism, and disputes within Ireland over the terms of Irish Home Rule, led eventually to the partition of the island in 1921. The British penetration of Nigeria met with various forms of resistance throughout the country. [135], The United Kingdom lies between latitudes 49 and 61 N, and longitudes 9 W and 2 E. Northern Ireland shares a 224-mile (360km) land boundary with the Republic of Ireland. Comparable in authority and stature to The Chicago Manual of Style for published American English, the Oxford Manual is a fairly exhaustive standard for published British English that writers can turn to in the absence of specific guidance from their publishing house. A 2006 publication from the Institute for Public Policy Research estimated 5.6 million British-born people lived outside of the United Kingdom. [345] This has led some commentators to variously describe the UK as a multi-faith,[346] secularised,[347] or post-Christian society. [68][69] English lawyer William Bray recorded a game of baseball on Easter Monday 1755 in Guildford, Surrey; Bray's diary was verified as authentic in September 2008. [295] In 2020[update], the UK had around 2billion barrels of proven crude oil reserves. ", "Brexit: New era for UK as it completes separation from European Union", "The EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement", "Coronavirus and the impact on output in the UK economy: April 2020", "Coronavirus: UK economy could be among worst hit of leading nations, says OECD", "Landmark moment as first NHS patient receives COVID-19 vaccination", "Oxford University/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine approved", "Greenwich Royal Observatory: How the Prime Meridian line is actually 100 metres away from where it was believed to be", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "English: A map of Kppen climate types in the United Kingdom (SVG version)", "Atlantic Ocean Circulation (Gulf Stream)", "UK temperature, rainfall and sunshine time series", "The complete guide to the Scottish Islands", "Great Britain's tallest mountain is taller", "The UK is one of the most centralised advanced democracies it's time that changed", "Centralisation Nation: Britain's system of local government and its impact on the national economy", "Relationship between UK Crown and law in focus as Carolean era begins", R (Animal Defenders International) v Secretary of State for Culture Media and Sport, "The Constitutional Role and Working of the Monarchy in the United Kingdom", "Why British Politics is Not a Two-Party System", "The Government, Prime Minister and Cabinet", "The Institution of Prime Minister History of government", "Boris Johnson accused of 'cynical rebranding' after appointing himself 'Minister for the Union', United Nations Economic and Social Council, "Ninth UN Conference on the standardization of Geographical Names", "Welcome to the national site of the Government Office Network", "STV in Scotland: Local Government Elections 2007", "Foster announces the future shape of local government", "Scotland's Parliament powers and structures", "Intergovernmental Relations and the Crisis of the Union", "The Anglo-British imaginary and the rebuilding of the UK's territorial constitution after Brexit: unitary state or union state? The standardisation of British English is thought to be from both dialect levelling and a thought of social superiority. [61] The English Reformation ushered in political, constitutional, social and cultural change in the 16th century. Sports governing bodies in England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland organise and regulate the game separately. [50] This permitted the development of the American Dream, a cultural spirit distinct from that of its European founders. Based on 2020 American Community Survey estimates, 1,934,397 individuals identified as having British ancestry, while a further 25,213,619 identified as having English ancestry, 5,298,861 Scottish ancestry and 1,851,256 Welsh ancestry. The Grand Alliance of Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union formed in 1941, leading the Allies against the Axis powers. What is the closest country to the British Isles? Historically, England was a very homogeneous country and developed coherent traditions, but, especially as the British Empire expanded and the country absorbed peoples from throughout the globe, English culture has been accented with diverse contributions from Afro-Caribbeans, Asians, Muslims, and other immigrant groups. It includes Lough Neagh which, at 150 square miles (388km2), is the largest lake in the British Isles by area,[154] Lough Erne which has over 150 islands and the Giant's Causeway which is a World Heritage Site. The Borough of Queens in New York was named after Catherine of Braganza (Queen Catherine), the wife of the King Charles II.[84]. Colonial ties to Great Britain spread the English language, legal system and other cultural attributes. [445] Magazines and journals published in the United Kingdom that have achieved worldwide circulation include The Spectator, The Economist, New Statesman, and Radio Times. By mutual agreement, the British Government manages the islands' foreign affairs and defence and the UK Parliament has the authority to legislate on their behalf. [108][109] A global opinion poll for the BBC saw the United Kingdom ranked the third most positively viewed nation in the world (behind Germany and Canada) in 2013 and 2014. A new Supreme Court of the United Kingdom came into being in October 2009 to replace the Appellate Committee of the House of Lords. [420] The Brit Awards are the BPI's annual music awards, and some of the British recipients of the Outstanding Contribution to Music award include the Who, David Bowie, Eric Clapton, Rod Stewart, the Police, and Fleetwood Mac (who are a British-American band). [351] Between the 2001 and 2011 census, there was a 12 per cent decrease in the number of people who identified as Christian, whilst the percentage of those reporting no religious affiliation doubled. WebBritish culture is a beautiful and unique mix of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Acts from Liverpool have had 54 UK chart number 1 hit singles, more per capita than any other city worldwide. Some of the most commercially successful films of all time have been produced in the United Kingdom, including two of the highest-grossing film franchises (Harry Potter and James Bond). The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy. When the Netherlands came under French control, the British began to move into Sri Lanka from India. [100] The war left the UK severely weakened and financially dependent on the Marshall Plan,[101] but it was spared the total war that devastated eastern Europe. The term British Isles entered the English language in the late 16th century to refer to Great Britain, Ireland and the surrounding islands. [54] Most of the region settled by the Anglo-Saxons became unified as the Kingdom of England in the 10th century. Cockney rhyming slang can be (and was initially intended to be) difficult for outsiders to understand,[25] although the extent of its use is often somewhat exaggerated. [248][249] The creative industries accounted for 5.9% of the UK's GVA in 2019, having grown by 43.6% in real terms from 2010. In 2022, British Airways generated around 11 billion British pounds in revenue. [254] The UK space industry was worth 17.5bn in 2020/21 and employed 48,800 people. [446] The UK publishing sector, including books, directories and databases, journals, magazines and business media, newspapers and news agencies, has a combined turnover of around 20 billion and employs around 167,000 people. The highest peak in Northern Ireland is Slieve Donard in the Mourne Mountains at 852 metres (2,795ft). [44][45], After the Age of Discovery, the British were one of the earliest and largest communities to emigrate out of Europe, and the British Empire's expansion during the latter half of the 18th century and first half of the 19th century saw an "extraordinary dispersion of the British people", with particular concentrations "in Australasia and North America". [85] At the turn of the century, Britain's industrial dominance became challenged by the German Empire and the United States. ", UK and the Internal Market, Devolution and the Union, Briefing Paper. [p][161] The main business of parliament takes place in the two houses,[161] but royal assent is required for a bill to become an act of parliament (that is, statute law). Dropping a morphological grammatical number, in collective nouns, is stronger in British English than North American English. The UK is also closely linked with the Republic of Ireland; the two countries share a Common Travel Area and co-operate through the British-Irish Intergovernmental Conference and the British-Irish Council. It worked closely with the United States to establish the IMF, World Bank and NATO. Response rates for the ancestry question was 90.4% in 1990 and 80.1% in 2000 for the total U.S. population. century ago, most British imports came from relatively [275], The UK has an extensive railway network of 10,072 miles (16,209km). The Norse had explored and colonized areas of Europe and the North Atlantic, colonizing Greenland and creating a short term settlement near the northern tip of Newfoundland circa 1000 CE. The territory consists of the main island of Anguilla, approximately 16 miles (26 kilometres) long by 3 miles (5 km) Since 1922, the United Kingdom comprises three constituent countries: England, Scotland, and Wales (which collectively make up Great Britain), as well as Northern Ireland (variously described as a country, province, jurisdiction or region ). Summers are warmest in the southeast of England and coolest in the north. united kindom Which country is called mothers country? surname, CPG started by classifying all names as Scotch, Irish, Dutch, French, German, Hebrew, or other. English [25], Estimated British American population in the Continental United States as of the 1790 Census [25], The 1980 census was the first that asked people's ancestry. Lowland areas include Cornwall, the New Forest, the South Downs and the Norfolk Broads. The British sent criminals to NSW, Queensland, Tasmania and WA, but freed convicts soon spread their footprint across the country, and these days, one in five Australians is the descendant of a convict. Which heavely bodies play hide and seek during eclipse? This group of languages (Welsh, Cornish, Cumbric) cohabited alongside English into the modern period, but due to their remoteness from the Germanic languages, influence on English was notably limited. Early inhabitants of Jamaica named the land "Xaymaca", meaning ", "London Has Officially Become the Technology Capital of Europe", "International comparison of the UK research base, 2022", "The 2017 European Railway Performance Index", "Crossrail's giant tunnelling machines unveiled", "Crossrail to become the Elizabeth line in honour of Her Majesty the Queen", "Size of Reporting Airports October 2009 September 2010", "RBA Says Currency Containing Prices, Rate Level 'Appropriate' in Near Term", "How much of our energy currently comes from renewable sources? [89] The high fatalities of trench warfare caused the loss of much of a generation of men, with lasting social effects in the nation and a great disruption in the social order. [240] Based on market exchange rates, the UK is today the sixth-largest economy in the world and the second-largest in Europe. [115] The statutory incorporation followed acceptance of the European Convention on Human Rights. From the late 18th century, the country was regularly visited by explorers and other sailors, missionaries, traders and adventurers. WebTotal economic output in England 1270 to 2016. The Oxford University Press guidelines were originally drafted as a single broadsheet page by Horace Henry Hart, and were at the time (1893) the first guide of their type in English; they were gradually expanded and eventually published, first as Hart's Rules, and in 2002 as part of The Oxford Manual of Style. In May 2007 the Arts and Humanities Research Council awarded a grant to Leeds to study British regional dialects.[18][19]. Urban areas suffered heavy bombing during the Blitz. 17,425,620 (5.3%) British alone [39], The term "Great Britain" conventionally refers to the island of Great Britain, or politically to England, Scotland and Wales in combination. In Scotland, water and sewerage services are provided by a single public company, Scottish Water. [86] The Edwardian era saw social reform and home rule for Ireland become important domestic issues, whilst the Labour Party emerged from an alliance of trade unions and small socialist groups in 1900, and suffragettes campaigned for women's right to vote. The possibility of redesigning the Union Flag to include representation of Wales has not been completely ruled out. [335] In addition, it is estimated that about 200,000 Welsh speakers live in England. [181] Modern local government by elected councils, partly based on the ancient counties, was established by separate Acts of Parliament: in England and Wales in 1888, Scotland in 1889 and Ireland in 1898, meaning there is no consistent system of administrative or geographic demarcation across the UK. [269] In 2022 the UK retained its number one spot for technology in Europe reaching a combined market value of $1 trillion. [206] The UK has the British Council which is a British organisation based in over 100 countries specialising in international cultural and educational opportunities. After the war, Britain became a permanent member of the Executive Council of the League of Nations and received a mandate over a number of former German and Ottoman colonies. Although the majority of Commonwealth members are former British colonies, most are now Leading Welsh novelists of the twentieth century include Richard Llewellyn and Kate Roberts. A number of UK cities are known for their music. ", "Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries", "Vital Statistics: Population and Health Reference Tables (February 2014 Update): Annual Time Series Data", Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table, "Sexual identity, UK: 2015 Experimental Official Statistics on sexual identity in the UK in 2015 by region, sex, age, marital status, ethnicity and NS-SEC", "Research report 27: Trans research review", "NRS Background Information Settlements and Localities", "Welsh people could be most ancient in UK, DNA suggests", "Victoria and Albert Museum Black Presence", "Culture and Ethnicity Differences in Liverpool Chinese Community", "2011 Census: Ethnic group, local authorities in the United Kingdom", "Resident population estimates by ethnic group (percentages): London", "Resident population estimates by ethnic group (percentages): Leicester", "Census 2001 Ethnicity and religion in England and Wales", Schools, pupils and their characteristics: January 2016, "English language Government, citizens and rights", "Official status of languages in the UK and Ireland", "British Council | the UK's international culture and education organisation", "BBC Learning English About BBC Learning English", "Languages across Europe: United Kingdom", "Polish becomes England's second language", "The teenagers who translate for their parents", "Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, Strasbourg, 1.II.1995", "European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, Strasbourg, 5.XI.1992", "United Kingdom: New Report Finds Only One in 10 Attend Church", "Less religious and more ethnically diverse: Census reveals a picture of Britain today", "The percentage of the population with no religion has increased in England and Wales", "United Kingdom, a major transformation of the religious landscape", "Immigration and births to non-British mothers pushes British population to record high", "Naturalisation as a British Citizen: Concepts and Trends", "Brits Abroad: Mapping the scale and nature of British emigration", "The Most Educated Countries in the World", "And the World's Most Educated Country Is", "The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2023", https://www.oecd.org/pisa/Combined_Executive_Summaries_PISA_2018.pdf, "To those who claim the NHS has turned into a British religion, I say: keep the faith", "Is the NHS our new national religion? Examples of R-dropping are car and sugar, where the R is not pronounced. When the alignment of the Sun the Moon and the Earth produce a lunar eclipse the body that is between the other two is the? [465] A now rare personification is a character originating in the 18th century, John Bull, a portly country gentleman dressed in a top hat and tailcoat with a Union Flag waistcoat, often accompanied by a bulldog.[466]. [247] Tourism is very important to the British economy; London was named as Europe's most popular destination for 2022. [227] Scots law is a hybrid system based on common-law and civil-law principles. Investopedia Major schools of art in the UK include: the six-school University of the Arts London, which includes the Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design and Chelsea College of Art and Design; Goldsmiths, University of London; the Slade School of Fine Art (part of University College London); the Glasgow School of Art; the Royal College of Art; and The Ruskin School of Drawing and Fine Art (part of the University of Oxford). [232], His Majesty's Armed Forces consist of three professional service branches: the Royal Navy and Royal Marines (forming the Naval Service), the British Army and the Royal Air Force. British The wealth of the west was built on Africa's exploitation Malaysia halts music festival after same-sex kiss by The 1975 British cuisine has absorbed the cultural influence of those who have settled in Britain, producing hybrid dishes, such as chicken tikka masala. There are a lot of The UK government is investing in Small Modular Reactors and Advanced Modular Reactors research and development. The UK Prime Minister's website has used the phrase "countries within a country" to describe the United Kingdom. [citation needed], Harley-Davidson The Davidson brothers were of Scottish descent (William. "Perhaps the most remarkable finding in the Voices study is that the English language is as diverse as ever, despite our increased mobility and constant exposure to other accents and dialects through TV and radio". Early History Why is it useful to classify stars according to their colors surface temperatures and spectral characteristics? HOYLAKE, England (AP) Brian Harman is a major champion for the first time. In 2002, the new single European currency, known as the Euro, went into circulation, but the British maintained the use of their own currency, the Pound Stirling. The resident population at this time was generally speaking Common Brittonicthe insular variety of Continental Celtic, which was influenced by the Roman occupation.
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